Birds That Like Safflower Seeds Include Cardinals and Chickadees

Several bird species are known to enjoy safflower seeds, particularly cardinals, chickadees, titmice, and grosbeaks. Among backyard feeders, what birds like safflower seeds is a frequently searched question for those seeking to attract specific songbirds while discouraging squirrels and less desirable species like grackles and starlings. Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) produces small, white-to-light-brown seeds that have a slightly bitter taste, which many nuisance birds avoid but that several common native songbirds readily accept. This makes safflower an excellent choice for selective feeding in diverse regions across North America.

Why Safflower Seeds Are Popular Among Certain Bird Species

Safflower seeds are rich in oil and protein, providing high-energy nutrition crucial during colder months. Unlike sunflower seeds, which are often preferred by aggressive or invasive species such as house sparrows and European starlings, safflower's mildly bitter flavor acts as a natural deterrent. However, birds with stronger beaks capable of cracking the hard shell—such as Northern Cardinals (Cardinalis cardinalis) and Evening Grosbeaks (Coccothraustes vespertinus)—adapt well and become regular visitors when safflower is offered consistently.

One key advantage of using safflower seed is its ability to reduce dominance by non-native species at feeders. In urban and suburban areas where invasive birds outcompete native ones, switching from mixed seed or black oil sunflower to safflower can shift the balance toward more ecologically beneficial species. Additionally, deer and squirrels tend to avoid safflower, making it a practical option for gardeners dealing with mammalian pests.

Top Bird Species That Eat Safflower Seeds

While not all birds will immediately accept safflower, several common backyard species show strong preferences once they learn the food source is reliable. Below is a list of primary consumers:

• Northern Cardinal: These bright red birds are among the most enthusiastic eaters of safflower. Their powerful conical bills easily crack open the seed coat. Cardinals are year-round residents in much of the eastern and central U.S., so offering safflower supports them through winter.
• Chickadees (Black-capped and Carolina): Though initially cautious, chickadees quickly adapt to safflower, especially when other preferred foods are scarce. They typically grab one seed at a time and fly off to cache or consume it elsewhere.
• Tufted Titmouse: Often seen alongside chickadees, titmice also develop a taste for safflower over time. Their bold personalities help them overcome initial hesitation.
• Grosbeaks (Evening and Rose-breasted): With their thick, seed-crushing beaks, grosbeaks handle safflower effortlessly. During migration or breeding season, these birds benefit greatly from high-fat content sources.
• Doves (Mourning Dove): Ground-feeding doves may eat spilled safflower seeds beneath platform feeders. While not primary targets, they are frequent secondary consumers.
• Jays (Blue Jays, occasionally): Blue jays may sample safflower but often prefer peanuts or corn. Their behavior varies regionally and individually.

It’s important to note that finches—including House Finches and American Goldfinches—typically avoid safflower unless no other options are available. Similarly, House Sparrows and European Starlings usually reject it, which is a major reason why safflower is favored by conscientious bird watchers aiming to support native biodiversity.

How to Introduce Safflower Seeds to Your Feeder

Birds may take time to adjust to safflower due to its unfamiliar taste. A sudden switch from black oil sunflower seeds can result in temporary abandonment of the feeder. To encourage acceptance:

1. Mix Gradually: Start by blending safflower with black oil sunflower seeds in a 1:3 ratio. Over two to three weeks, increase the proportion of safflower until it becomes the sole offering.
2. Use Appropriate Feeders: Tube feeders with medium-sized perches work best for cardinals and chickadees. Hopper or platform feeders allow ground-feeding birds like doves access to fallen seeds.
3. Place Feeders Strategically: Position near shrubs or trees to give birds cover from predators. Cardinals especially prefer semi-wooded edges.
4. Maintain Cleanliness: Regularly clean feeders to prevent mold and disease transmission. Safflower should be stored in a cool, dry place to avoid rancidity.

Seasonal Considerations and Nutritional Benefits

The nutritional profile of safflower seeds includes approximately 38% fat, 16% protein, and 34% carbohydrates, making them ideal for energy-dense diets required during cold weather. In late fall and winter, when insects are scarce and thermoregulation demands extra calories, safflower provides vital sustenance.

In spring and summer, adult birds feeding nestlings rely more on protein-rich insects, so seed consumption decreases. However, fledglings learning to feed at stations may still benefit from safflower availability. Some birders report increased visits from female cardinals during nesting season when safflower is present, possibly because males bring food to mates and young.

Because safflower resists sprouting when spilled, unlike millet or cracked corn, it reduces unwanted plant growth under feeders—a subtle but appreciated benefit for landscaped yards.

Regional Differences in Bird Acceptance of Safflower

Acceptance of safflower varies geographically based on local bird populations and feeding traditions. For example:

• In the Midwest and Southeast United States, cardinals and titmice dominate safflower feeders, with rapid adoption rates.
• In the Southwest, where scrub jays and sparrows are more prevalent, results may be mixed; some individuals sample safflower, others ignore it.
• In Pacific Coast regions, where finch populations are higher and native seed preferences differ, safflower sees lower uptake unless combined with nyjer or sunflower.
• In northern states during harsh winters, even typically reluctant species may turn to safflower out of necessity.

Local adaptation plays a significant role. If neighboring yards use traditional mixes, birds accustomed to those may resist change. Consistency and patience are essential when establishing safflower as a staple.

Common Misconceptions About Safflower Seeds

Despite growing popularity, several myths persist about safflower and bird feeding:

• Myth: All birds hate safflower. Truth: While many avoid it initially, numerous species—including some not traditionally considered seed specialists—will eat it after exposure.
• Myth: Safflower repels ALL squirrels. Truth: While deer and many squirrels dislike it, persistent gray squirrels may eventually eat safflower if hungry enough. Pairing with squirrel-proof feeders enhances effectiveness.
• Myth: Safflower lacks nutrition compared to sunflower. Truth: Though slightly lower in overall fat than black oil sunflower (which has ~40–41% fat), safflower offers comparable protein and superior resistance to spoilage.
• Myth: Birds will starve without alternative seeds. Truth: Wild birds have diverse foraging strategies. Providing safflower doesn’t limit survival; rather, it influences community composition at feeders.

Where to Buy Safflower Seeds and What to Look For

Safflower seeds are widely available at garden centers, farm supply stores, and online retailers such as Amazon, Chewy, and specialized birding suppliers. When purchasing, consider the following:

• Purity: Choose 100% pure safflower with no fillers like milo or cracked corn, which attract undesirable birds.
• Freshness: Check the harvest or packaging date. Old seeds lose nutritional value and may develop mold or rancidity.
• Organic Options: Some brands offer organically grown safflower, appealing to eco-conscious feeders.
• Price Comparison: Safflower is generally more expensive than generic mix, but cost-effective in reducing waste from uneaten filler grains.

Bird Species	Likelihood of Eating Safflower	Feeding Behavior
Northern Cardinal	High	Regular visitor; eats directly from feeder
Chickadee	Moderate to High	Takes one seed, flies away to eat
Tufted Titmouse	Moderate to High	Bold feeder; may dominate smaller birds
Mourning Dove	Moderate	Ground feeder; eats spilled seeds
House Finch	Low	Usually avoids; prefers nyjer or sunflower
European Starling	Very Low	Typically rejects due to bitterness
Blue Jay	Variable	May sample; prefers larger nuts
Squirrel	Low (but not zero)	Avoids initially; may eat if starving

Tips for Maximizing Success with Safflower Seed Feeders

To get the most out of your safflower feeding strategy, follow these proven tips:

• Be Patient: It can take up to two weeks for birds to begin eating safflower regularly. Do not assume failure too early.
• Monitor Activity: Keep a journal or use a trail camera to track which species visit and how often.
• Avoid Mixing with Milo: Many commercial blends include milo, which most birds ignore. This dilutes value and encourages waste.
• Elevate Feeders: Place tube feeders at eye level or slightly above to make access easier for cardinals and chickadees.
• Provide Water: A nearby birdbath or heated water source increases overall habitat appeal, especially in winter.

Frequently Asked Questions

Do cardinals like safflower seeds?

Yes, Northern Cardinals are among the most consistent consumers of safflower seeds. Their strong beaks allow easy shell cracking, and they often become primary users of safflower feeders.

Will finches eat safflower?

Most finches, including goldfinches and house finches, avoid safflower. They prefer nyjer (thistle) seed or black oil sunflower.

Are safflower seeds good for birds?

Yes, safflower seeds are nutritious, high in fat and protein, and especially beneficial in cold seasons. They also help exclude invasive species and squirrels.

Can blue jays eat safflower seeds?

Some blue jays will eat safflower, though many prefer peanuts or corn. Acceptance varies by individual and region.

How do I stop squirrels from eating safflower?

While squirrels often avoid safflower, persistent ones may still raid feeders. Use squirrel-resistant feeders, baffles, or weight-activated mechanisms for best results.