What Is Colorado's State Bird?

The Lark Bunting is the official state bird of Colorado, designated in 1931 through a vote by schoolchildren and formal adoption by the state legislature. This distinctive sparrow, known scientifically as Calamospiza melanocorys, stands out not only for its striking appearance—male birds are nearly all black with bright white wing patches during breeding season—but also for its cultural significance and ecological role across the high plains and open grasslands of the Centennial State. As a natural longtail keyword variant relevant to this topic, many searchers ask: what is colorado state bird and when was it chosen? The answer lies in early 20th-century civic engagement and a growing movement to celebrate native wildlife through symbolic representation.

Historical Background: How the Lark Bunting Became Colorado’s Symbol

The journey to select Colorado’s state bird began in the late 1920s, during a period when many U.S. states were formalizing their official emblems. At the time, there was no standardized process; instead, decisions often emerged from public campaigns, educational initiatives, or legislative proposals driven by conservation groups.

In Colorado’s case, the initiative was led by the Colorado Federation of Women’s Clubs and supported by the State Education Department. In 1927, they launched a campaign encouraging schoolchildren across the state to vote on a candidate for the official bird. Thousands of students participated, selecting among several native species including the Mountain Bluebird, Western Meadowlark, and Black-billed Magpie. Ultimately, the Lark Bunting received the most votes due to its widespread presence, unique song, and seasonal visibility across rural and urban areas alike.

The legislature officially adopted the Lark Bunting as the state bird on March 14, 1931, via House Bill No. 8. This date marks an important milestone in Colorado’s environmental history—not just because it recognized a native species, but because it highlighted the role of civic education in shaping state identity. Unlike some state symbols chosen solely for aesthetic appeal, the Lark Bunting was selected with input from citizens, particularly youth, reinforcing democratic values within symbolic governance.

Biological Profile: Understanding the Lark Bunting

To fully appreciate why the Lark Bunting represents Colorado so well, it helps to understand its biology and behavior. A member of the cardinal family (Cardinalidae), the Lark Bunting breeds primarily in the Great Plains region of North America, ranging from northern Texas and New Mexico up into Montana and the Dakotas. However, Colorado sits at the heart of its core breeding range, making it especially abundant here between May and August.

Physical Characteristics:

• Male (breeding season): Almost entirely black with large white wing patches visible in flight.
• Female and non-breeding males: Brownish-gray plumage with streaked underparts, resembling other sparrows but distinguishable by size and bill shape.
• Size: Approximately 6–7 inches long with a wingspan of about 10 inches.
• Voice: Males produce a complex, warbling song often delivered during a fluttering flight display—a behavior that gives the bird part of its name.

These birds are ground foragers, feeding mainly on seeds during winter and insects during the breeding season. Their diet flexibility allows them to thrive in semi-arid environments where vegetation is sparse. They typically nest in shallow depressions on the ground, hidden beneath shrubs or grass clumps, which makes them vulnerable to predators and habitat disruption.

Ecological Role and Conservation Status

The Lark Bunting plays a vital role in maintaining ecosystem balance in shortgrass prairies and agricultural margins. By consuming weed seeds and insect pests, they contribute to natural pest control and seed dispersal. Moreover, their presence serves as an indicator of grassland health—populations tend to decline when native habitats are converted to intensive agriculture or developed land.

According to the IUCN Red List, the Lark Bunting is currently listed as Least Concern, though recent studies suggest population declines over the past few decades due to habitat loss and climate change impacts. The North American Breeding Bird Survey indicates a moderate long-term decrease, emphasizing the need for continued monitoring and conservation efforts.

Efforts such as the Central Shortgrass Prairie Initiative and partnerships with ranchers promoting sustainable grazing practices have helped preserve critical nesting grounds. Birders can support these efforts by participating in citizen science projects like eBird and Project FeederWatch, which help track distribution patterns and abundance trends.

Cultural and Symbolic Significance

Beyond its biological traits, the Lark Bunting carries deep symbolic meaning for Coloradans. Its selection as the state bird reflects broader themes of resilience, simplicity, and connection to the land. The bird’s ability to endure harsh weather, migrate seasonally, and sing joyfully despite challenging conditions resonates with the pioneer spirit often associated with the American West.

In Native American traditions, particularly among Plains tribes such as the Arapaho and Cheyenne—who have historical ties to present-day Colorado—birds like the Lark Bunting were seen as messengers between worlds. While specific myths about this species are limited, its melodic call was often interpreted as a sign of renewal or spiritual communication.

In modern times, the Lark Bunting appears on state documents, educational materials, and even local artwork. It has been featured in Colorado Parks and Wildlife outreach programs aimed at fostering environmental stewardship. Schools across the state teach children about the bird’s significance, continuing the legacy of civic involvement that began nearly a century ago.

Where and When to See the Lark Bunting in Colorado

For birdwatchers and nature enthusiasts, spotting a Lark Bunting in its natural habitat can be a rewarding experience. Here are practical tips for observing this species:

• Best Time to Observe: Late spring through early fall (May to September) during the breeding season when males are most visible and vocal.
• Preferred Habitats: Open grasslands, sagebrush flats, abandoned farmland, and roadsides with low vegetation.
• Top Viewing Locations:
  • Oxford Bay Wildlife Area (near Pueblo)
  • Barr Lake State Park (near Brighton)
  • Hovenweep National Monument (southwestern Colorado)
  • Comanche National Grassland (southeastern Colorado)
• Identification Tips: Listen for the male’s distinctive, bubbling song—a series of rapid, high-pitched notes often compared to a cascading waterfall. Watch for sudden upward flights followed by slow descents while singing.

During winter months, most Lark Buntings migrate south to New Mexico, Arizona, and northern Mexico. Therefore, sightings in Colorado after October are rare unless you're in southern regions near the border.

Common Misconceptions About Colorado’s State Bird

Despite its official status, several misconceptions persist about the Lark Bunting:

1. Misconception: The Western Meadowlark is Colorado’s state bird.
   Reality: While the Western Meadowlark is common and beloved in Colorado, it is not the official state bird. That title belongs exclusively to the Lark Bunting.
2. Misconception: The Lark Bunting is colorful year-round.
   Reality: Only breeding males exhibit bold black-and-white plumage. Females and non-breeding males are much more subdued in appearance.
3. Misconception: It sings from tree branches like robins or finches.
   Reality: The Lark Bunting typically sings during flight or from low perches such as fence posts or tall weeds, not trees.

How to Support the Lark Bunting and Its Habitat

Protecting Colorado’s state bird requires collective action. Individuals can make a difference through simple steps:

• Advocate for the preservation of open spaces and grasslands in local development plans.
• Avoid using pesticides in yards and gardens, which reduce insect availability crucial for nesting birds.
• Participate in annual bird counts such as the Christmas Bird Count or Great Backyard Bird Count.
• Support organizations like Audubon Rockies and Colorado Parks and Wildlife that work to protect native species.
• Create bird-friendly landscapes with native plants that provide cover and food sources.

Feature	Lark Bunting	Comparison Species (Western Meadowlark)
State Bird of Colorado?	Yes (since 1931)	No
Scientific Name	Calamospiza melanocorys	Sturnella neglecta
Primary Habitat	Shortgrass prairie, open fields	Grasslands, meadows
Distinctive Markings	Black body, white wing patches (male)	Yellow breast, black V-shaped bib
Song Delivery	Fluttering flight display	From perch or ground

Frequently Asked Questions

When did Colorado adopt the Lark Bunting as its state bird?

Colorado officially adopted the Lark Bunting as its state bird on March 14, 1931.

Why was the Lark Bunting chosen as Colorado’s state bird?

It was chosen due to its prevalence across the state, its melodious song, and a statewide vote by schoolchildren who favored it over other native birds.

Can you see Lark Buntings in Colorado year-round?

No, Lark Buntings are summer residents. They arrive in April–May to breed and leave by September–October for wintering grounds in the southwestern U.S. and Mexico.

Is the Lark Bunting endangered?

No, it is currently classified as Least Concern by the IUCN, although populations are declining due to habitat loss.

How can I tell a Lark Bunting apart from other sparrows?

Look for the male’s solid black body and large white wing patches in flight. Females are streaked brown but have a larger bill and more rounded head than similar species.

In conclusion, understanding what is colorado state bird goes beyond memorizing a name—it invites exploration into ecology, history, and cultural identity. The Lark Bunting may not be the flashiest or most famous bird in the Rockies, but its quiet strength and enduring presence embody the spirit of Colorado itself. Whether you’re a resident, visitor, or aspiring birder, taking time to learn about and observe this remarkable species enriches your connection to one of America’s most dynamic landscapes.